This article challenges traditional notions of Arctic sovereignty, arguing it's a shared, layered, and legally plural concept. It contends that the region has always operated outside the Westphalian system, with sovereignty being negotiated rather than imposed. Focusing on ecological interdependence and Indigenous diplomacy, the piece provides crucial insights for peaceful global governance and shared rule. Explore the complexities of Arctic geopolitics and international law.

The article examines historical impacts of geopolitics on COP outcomes and the urgency of overcoming these barriers to address these crises.